Temporal Trends of Viral Hepatitis B and C: A 10-Month ‎Retrospective Study from Healthcare Facility Data

Purpose: Viral hepatitis remains a significant public health concern in Libya, with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections contributing to the burden of chronic liver disease. This study aimed to analyze temporal trends and demographic patterns of viral hepatitis B and C cases from healthcare facilities in Zawiya, Libya, during January–October 2024‎.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using surveillance data from multiple healthcare facilities across Zawiya municipality. Data included hepatitis type, reporting date, age, gender, and facility location. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze case distribution across the study period‎.

Results: ‎ A total of 133 cases were reported, comprising 91 hepatitis B (68.4%) and 42 hepatitis C (31.6%). Both infections showed male predominance (HBV: 75.8% male; HCV: 78.6% male). Hepatitis B peaked in May (n=20), while hepatitis C peaked in August (n=8) and October (n=7). The majority were concentrated in central Zawiya facilities, with the highest burden among those aged 20–40 years‎.

Conclusion: This study reveals continued burden of viral hepatitis B and C in Zawiya, with HBV representing two-thirds of cases. The male predominance and age distribution are consistent with regional trends. Enhanced surveillance, prevention strategies, and vaccination remain essential to reduce hepatitis burden‎. (Open J Biomed Res 2026;5:72-77)